D2001
Importation of Mice and Material
Assume 10 experimental mice {5M, 5F} and 10 WT controls {5M, 5F}
Importation of 1 crate of mice
$148.00 / $214.30 (University of California fee / all other institutions)
D2002
Conventional Per Diem
Cage/Day
$1.20 / $1.59 (University of California fee / all other institutions) per cage per day
D2003
Colony Management (if needed)
: A colony management fee is applied to projects requiring more than routine housing and care. This fee is applied on a per cage per day basis. Colony management includes (but is not limited to) projects requiring timed matings with or without plug collection; breeding with pup identification; collection of samples for genotyping; special diets.
$0.53 / $0.77 (University of California fee / all other institutions) per cage per day
D2004
Genotyping (if needed)
Some projects may require genotyping during the course of housing mice at UCD. Genotyping sampling may be done by ear punch or tail snips, depending on age. Altricial pups will be sampled by “toeing”. This fee is applied on a per sample basis, to samples submitted to the MBP Murine Genotyping Analysis laboratory for testing.
$13.00 / $18.82 (University of California fee / all other institutions) per sample
D2005
Mouse Model Purchase
Access mutant mouse models from the MMRRC or the KOMP Repositories and submit to MMPC for phenotyping
inquire
D2007
Chronic high-fat/high sugar diet feeding
An experimental mouse model of obesity can be generated by feeding either a high fat diet (HFD) or very high fat diet (VHFD) for specified period of time; diet based on investigator preference for study needs. Differences in body weight can be seen as soon as 2 weeks after the initiation of feeding HFD. After 4 weeks on HFD, many mice begin exhibiting hyperglycemia with the full obese phenotype measureable after 16 weeks. Within 16-20 weeks mice may experience a 20-30% increase in body weight, adipocyte hyperplasia, fat deposition in the mesentery, increased fat mass, diabetes, and hypertension. The effect of the diet on obesity development is directly related to the fat content of the diet and the length of time the animal spends on the diet with variability in severity of metabolic changes observed between individual animals. The Animal Care Core works with the users in designing a study with appropriate feeding duration and selection of diet with respect to percent and composition of fat in the diet.
Inquire – Contact UCD Animal Care Core
D2014
Basic Mouse Necropsy
Diagnostic basic gross necropsy examination of your mouse model. Services include anatomic pathology, tissue characterizations and staining, diagnostic histological examination. Upon request, we also will perform tissue collection, serum/plasma/urine chemistry, hematology analysis, and urinalysis. These will be completed by a highly trained lab technician.
$75.00
D2015
Advanced Mouse Necropsy
Diagnostic advanced gross necropsy examination of your mouse model. Services include anatomic pathology, tissue characterizations and staining, diagnostic histological examination. Upon request, we also will perform tissue collection, serum/plasma/urine chemistry, hematology analysis, and urinalysis. These will be completed by a highly trained lab technician.
$146.00
D2016
Additional Pathology Services
The scope of Additional Pathology Services can encompass a wide variety of activities that can enhance routine histopathology analysis and processing.
Special tissue collections requiring special expertise, time and labor-intensive processing and analyses could be included in "Additional Pathology Services". Creation and processing of gut-rolls or special organ preparations, precise brain sectioning and processing, and a myriad of advanced photo-microscopy or "Count & Measure" analyses are possible. We have imaging analysis software that allows Pixel-Dependent reviews and analysis of stained tissues.
Inquire please. Additional services costs are dependent on technologist or pathologist technical time, special materials or special instrumentation requirements.
D2017
Surgical Sevices
Surgical services including bariatric surgery (Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy or Roux en Y) ,telemeter, data recorder or osmotic pump implantation etc.
Inquire please
D2018
Barrier per diem
Housing 1 – 4 mice per cage/day
$2.11
D2019
Blood Collection
Submandibular, Saphenousvein, Processing, per mouse
$25.00
D2020
Food/Water Intake
per mouse
$10.00
D2021
Body Weight
per mouse
$6.00
D2022
DVM Services
per hour
$90.00
D3001
IN VIVO Insulin Tolerance Tests
Mice will be injected IP with 1mU/g of insulin. Samples will be collected at 0,15,30,45,60,90,120 min for the measurement of glucose.Plumpton,1969
Includes housing, surgery, biochemical assays to measure glucose/insulin level.
Mice from an inbred strain with low inter-animal variability will be run with each group of animals undergoing the same procedure
$96.72 / $129.31(Internal University of California Fee / All Other Institutions)
D3002
IN VIVO Glucose Tolerance Tests (IP or Oral)
Mice will be injected IP with 2mg/g of glucose. Samples will be collected at 0,15,30,60,120 min for the measurement of glucose.
Includes housing, surgery, biochemical assays to measure glucose/insulin level.
Mice from an inbred strain with low inter-animal variabilitywill be run with each group of animals undergoing the same procedure.
$122.31
D3003
IN VIVO Glucose-stimulates Insulin Secretion Test
Mice will be injected IP with 2mg/g of glucose. Samples will be collected at 0,2,5,15,30 min for the measurement of glucose and insulin.
Includes housing, surgery, biochemical assays to measure glucose/insulin level.
Mice from an inbred strain with low inter-animal variabilitywill be run with each group of animals undergoing the same procedure
$172.41
D3101
Lipid extraction from liver
Triglyceride and cholesterol content in liver tissue will be determined by the Folch method (Folch, 1957). Weighed tissue samples are homogenized in methanol:chloroform. After overnight extraction, 0.7% sodium chloride is added. The aqueous layer is aspirated and duplicate aliquots of the chloroform/lipid layer are dried under nitrogen gas. The lipid is reconstituted in isopropyl alcohol and assayed for TG spectrophotometrically with enzymatic reagents from Fisher Diagnostics (Middletown, VA)
inquire
D3102
Lipid extraction from muscle
Triglyceride and cholesterol content in muscle tissue will be determined by the Folch method (Folch, 1957). Weighed tissue samples are homogenized in methanol:chloroform. After overnight extraction, 0.7% sodium chloride is added. The aqueous layer is aspirated and duplicate aliquots of the chloroform/lipid layer are dried under nitrogen gas. The lipid is reconstituted in isopropyl alcohol and assayed for TG spectrophotometrically with enzymatic reagents from Fisher Diagnostics (Middletown, VA)
inquire
D3103
Glucose (urine/plasma)
Hyperglycemia/ glycosuria
Thermo microplate (5ul) enzymatic assay
inquire
D3104
Hemoglobin A1C
Index of long-term glycemic control.
Diazyme (20ul whole blood) enzymatic assay.
inquire
D3105
beta-hydoxybutyrate
Markers of ketosis.
Millipore-Sigma enzymatic assay (20ul for duplicates).
inquire
D3106
Triglyceride
This assay uses reagents from Millipore-Sigma and 10ul of sample is required for duplicates, an additional 5ul of sample is recommended for a sample blank if the sample is hemolyzed.
inquire
D3107
Total Cholesterol
This assay uses reagents from Fisher Diagnostics and 10ul of sample is required for duplicates, an additional 5ul of sample is recommended for a sample blank if the sample is hemolyzed.
inquire
D3108
HDL-C and LDL-C/VLDL-C
This assay uses a precipitation buffer from AbCam to precipitate LDL and VLDL particles and 25ul of sample is required. The cholesterol content will be determined in the HDL fraction, and this value will be subtracted from the total cholesterol of the original sample to provide the cholesterol value for the LDL/VLDL fraction.
inquire
D3109
HDL-TG and LDL-TG/VLDL-TG
This assay uses a precipitation buffer from AbCam to precipitate LDL and VLDL particles and 25ul of sample is required. The triglyceride content will be determined in the HDL fraction, and this value will be subtracted from the total triglyceride of the original sample to provide the triglyceridel value for the LDL/VLDL fraction.
inquire
D3110
Non-esterified fatty acids
WAKO microplate (10ul for duplicates) with standard reagents from PolyMedCo
inquire
D3111
Metabolomics
Multiple metabolite levels measured. Intensity values normalized to total metabolome content. Gass Chromatograph (GC)-Time of Flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. MS deconvolution, BinBase DB processing. compounds.
inquire
D3112
Complex lipid ratios
Multiple metabolite levels measured. Intensity values normalized to total metabolome content. UPLC/QTOF mass spectrometry. MZmine data processing. Identification on accurate mass and MS/MS databases.
inquire
D3113
Hormones - Generic ELISA Assay
Any hormone can be measured if it is offered in an assay format without extraction (for example IGF1, Corticosterone, Resistin, etc).
inquire
D3114
Insulin
Fasting insulin is an index of IR. Also measured for functional tests. Meso Scale Discovery (10ul for duplicates)
inquire
D3115
C-Peptide
Proinsulin cleavage product. ALPCO ELISA (10ul)
inquire
D3116
Leptin
Adipocyte hormone involved in energy balance/anti-steatotic Meso Scale Discovery (10ul for duplicates)
inquire
D3117
Adiponectin (total)
Insulin-sensitizing/anti-steatotic/anti-atherogenic adipocyte hormone
Meso Scale Discovery (5ul)
inquire
D3118
Adiponectin (HMW)
Insulin-sensitizing/anti-steatotic/anti-atherogenic adipocyte hormone. ALPCO ELISA (5ul)
inquire
D3119
Glucagon
Counterregulatory hormone. Millipore RIA (100ul)
inquire
D3120
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (active)
Incretin hormone. Meso Scale Discovery (20ul for duplicates)
inquire
D3121
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (total)
Incretin hormone. Meso Scale Discovery (20ul for duplicates)
inquire
D3122
Ghrelin
Orexigenic GI hormone. Millipore ELISA (50ul)
inquire
D3123
Markers of Inflammation - custom panel
Inflammation plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis and contributes to insulin resistance. Up to 10 proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-?, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p70, KC/GRO, TNF-a) can be measured with 25µl of serum (50µl for duplicates) using a Meso Scale Discovery Sector Imager.
inquire
D3124
HS CRP
Associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. R&D Systems ELISA (10ul)
inquire
D3125
Corticosterone
10ul of serum or EDTA Plasma measured by RIA (RadioImmuno Assay)
inquire
D3127
Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP)/Endotoxemia Assay
Plasma samples will be assayed for lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) as surrogate for bacterial LPS/measure of endotoxemia via ELISA.
$14.00
D3128
Fecal Mouse Lipocalin-2
Lipocalin-2, also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), 2 is a secreted glycoprotein that can be used as a biomarker of inflammation. Lipocalin-2 is expressed in intestinal epithelium and is upregulated in models of intestinal inflammation and injury. Fecal lipocalin-2 levels correlate well to other markers of intestinal inflammation. Lipocalin-2 will be measured by ELISA.
inquire
D3129
Fecal Mouse Calprotectin
Calprotectin is a heterodimer of calcium binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9. Calprotectin is almost exclusively expressed in neutrophils and precursors cells in the bone marrow. Fecal calprotectin levels can be used as a marker for intestinal inflammation, reflecting the recruitment and activation of neutrophils to the mucosa. Fecal calprotectin is often used clinically to diagnose inflammatory bowel diseases and correlate well to other well-established clinical markers of intestinal inflammation. Fecal homogenates will be assayed for S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer by ELISA.
inquire
D3130
Plasma/Serum Mouse Lipocalin-2
Lipocalin-2, also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), 2 is a secreted glycoprotein that can be used as a biomarker of inflammation. Lipocalin-2 is increased in metabolic diseases associated with an inflammatory phenotype, including type 2 diabetes, obesity and liver steatosis. Lipocalin-2 is highly expressed in white adipose tissue and tracks obesity. Strong correlations between blood concentrations of lipocalin-2 and insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes have been noted. Lipocalin-2 can be measured in urine, blood, and feces. Lipocalin-2 will be measured by ELISA.
inquire
D3131
Plasma/Serum Mouse Calprotectin
Calprotectin is a heterodimer of calcium binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9. Calprotectin is almost exclusively expressed in neutrophils and precursors cells in the bone marrow. Plasma/serum calprotectin levels can be used to monitor diseases involving chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Calprotectin levels often correlate with obesity and severity of metabolic disease. Plasma/Serum will be assayed for S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer by ELISA.
inquire
D3132
Hepatic Triglyceride production
Measures temporal TG production under conditions in which TG hydrolysis by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is inhibited with nonionic detergent (i.e., Triton WR-1339 or poloxamer 407).
inquire
D3201
Exercise capacity
Treadmill test for forced and tolerance exercise tests.
inquire
D3202
Gross Body Composition- Echo MRI
Measures adiposity, lean mass using Echo-MRI
inquire
D3203
Adiposity (adipose depot weights)
Measures adipose tissue weights, by manual tissue dissection.
$63.00
D3204
Energy Expenditure (CLAMS, Indirect Calorimetry)
Measures energy utilization and fuel preference by indirect calorimetry; gross 24 hour food and water intake; body composition by Echo-MRI
$68.00
D3205
Meal Pattern Analysis
Detailed analysis of food intake behavior including Avg Meal Duration-Active Eating Time (sec), Avg Meal Size (g), # of Meals, Avg Inter-Meal Interval (IMI) (sec), Total Meal Duration, Satiety Ratio, Avg Eating Rate, Avg Light-Meal Duration, Avg Dark-Meal Duration, Avg Light-Meal Size, Avg Dark-Meal Size, Avg Light-IMI, Avg Dark-IMI, Light- # Meals, Dark- # Meals, Light-Satiety Ratio, Dark-Satiety Ratio, Light-Eating Rate (g/min), Dark-Eating Rate (g/min), Food Intake/BW). "Meal" defined by minimum food intake of 0.02g and at least 10 min between food bout events.
$52.00
D3206
Energy Expenditure (CLAMS, Indirect Calorimetry) + Meal Pattern Analysis
Measures energy utilization and fuel preference by indirect calorimetry; gross
24 hour food and water intake; body composition by Echo-MRI
-and-
Detailed analysis of food intake behavior including Avg Meal Duration-Active
Eating Time (sec), Avg Meal Size (g), # of Meals, Avg Inter-Meal Interval (IMI)
(sec), Total Meal Duration, Satiety Ratio, Avg Eating Rate, Avg Light-Meal
Duration, Avg Dark-Meal Duration, Avg Light-Meal Size, Avg Dark-Meal Size, Avg
Light-IMI, Avg Dark-IMI, Light- # Meals, Dark- # Meals, Light-Satiety Ratio,
Dark-Satiety Ratio, Light-Eating Rate (g/min), Dark-Eating Rate (g/min), Food
Intake/BW). "Meal" defined by minimum food intake of 0.02g and at least 10 min
between food bout events.
$110.00
D3207
Gut Microbiome Analysis
Determines differences in gut microbial community and diversity; 16S rDNA sequencing Ion PGM- 20000 avg read depth
$276.00
D3208
Xenometabolomics analysis
The metabolites that gut bacteria produce are important to regulation of gut health, inflammation, and metabolism.
$276.00
D3209
Digestible Energy by Bomb Calorimetry
Assesses efficiency of gut energy uptake; bomb calorimetry of fecal samples and diet.
$132.00
D3210
Metabolic & Feeding Hormone Responsiveness
Measure changes in diet intake in response to peptide hormones (CCK, Leptin, etc.)
inquire
D3211
Diet Preference Test
Measure changes in diet preferences using the BioDAQ system.
inquire
D3301
CT, MRI, PET, & combinations
CT, MRI, PET, & combinations. Cardiac or brain are assessed.
http://imaging.bme.ucdavis.edu/faqs/recharge-rates/
inquire
D3302
Positron emission tomography (microPET)
Non-invasive longitudinal analysis of changes in glucose metabolism. Mice from an inbred strain with low inter-animal variabilitywill be run with each group of animals undergoing the same procedure.
inquire
D3303
Whole body MRI adipose depots
Adipose depot-specific lipid quantification by segmentation of whole body MRI images
inquire
D3304
Tissue-specific MRI
Lipid quantification by segmentation of whole body MRI images
inquire
D3401
Special Services
Consultation; Study design or specialized data analysis. (Advanced data analysis or data analyses from data obtained outside core.)
$91.00
D4001
Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Urine Analysis
A wide variety of clinical chemistry and hematology assays are available for characterization of rodent blood and rodent strain types. The Comparative Pathology Laboratory has special instrumentation that can analyze extremely small sample volumes. We are able to provide analytical services to many types of clients, but we are optimized for rodent researchers. Please inquire for a consultation.
inquire
D4002
Urinary Albumin Excretion
Index of renal damage/Impaired glomerular function. 24 hour urine samples are collected from animals in a metabolic cage and albmunin is measured with a standard assay kit, using Albumin Blue 580 Fluorescence
$14.71
D4003
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Noninvasive GFR (FITC-insulin test)
inquire
D4004
Spot urine collection
Collection of urine sample
inquire
D4101
Eye Exam
Non-invasive evaluation of anterior/posterior eye chambers
$45.00
D4102
Voluntary wheel running (activity and/or exercise)
Voluntary wheel running provides detailed information on the running capacity and activity patterns (i.e., total distance, median velocity, time of breaks, etc.). This system may also be used as a means of providing voluntary exercise in metabolic or exercise based studies.
Per mouse/week fee (minimum of 8 mice): $14 / $19 (Internal University of California Fee / All Other Institutions)
D4103
Core body temperature (temperature recorder)
Measures core body temperature with IP temperature recorder (DST-nano-T). This service is paired with Data Recorder Implant Surgery through the animal core.
Per mouse/day use fee: $6 / $8 (Internal University of California Fee / All Other Institutions)
D4201
BP measurement by tail cuff
BP measurement by tail cuff. The technique provides a good estimate of actual systolic pressure.
$30.00
D4202
Echocardiography
Echocardiography. Cardiac chamber dimensions, valvular abnormalities, & cardiac output.
inquire
D4203
Cardiac electrophysiology
Cardiac electrophysiology. Baseline & after provocation will be assessed.
$192 / $256 (Internal University of California Fee / All Other Institutions) per mouse
D4301
Ex vivo assessment of barrier function/gut permeability (minimum of 8 samples)
Gut tissue (by region- e.g ileum & colon) will be opened along the mesenteric border and mounted in Ussing chambers (Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA, USA), exposing 0.3 cm2 of tissue surface area to 2.5ml of oxygenated Krebs-glucose (10mM) and Krebs-mannitol (10mM) at 37°C on the serosal and luminal sides, respectively. The paracellular pathway and transcellular pathway will be measured as the flux of FITC-Dextran 4000 (FD-4, Sigma –Aldrich) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP Type VI, Sigma Aldrich), respectively. FD-4 (400µg/ml) and HRP (200µg/ml) will be added to the mucosal chamber and samples will be collected from the serosal chamber every 30 min for 2 hours. Concentration of FD-4 is measured via fluorescence at excitation 485 nm, emission 538 nm. O-dianisidine substrate is used to detect HRP at absorbance 450 nm.
Per sample fee (minimum of 8 samples): $7/$10 (Internal University of California Fee / All Other Institutions)
D4302
Whole Intestinal transit time
Whole intestinal transit time
$105.00
D4303
Gut Permeability in vivo
Evaluation of intestinal transport
$185.00
D4304
Fecal collection
Collection of feces
inquire
D4401
Cognitive Function - Radial Arm Water Maze
This is a spatial learning and memory task. Animals are tested for 9 daily sessions of five trials. Each session consists of four learning trails and a fifth retention trial 30 minutes after trial four over a ten consecutive day period. Parameters such as error rate and latency aid in detecting cognitive deficits. Fees are quoted for a cohort of 8 mice.
inquire
D4402
Cognitive Function - Morris Water Maze (Male Mice)
The Morris water maze (MWM) is a widely used tool to study spatial learning and memory. It can assess learning, memory, and spatial working memory and can also indicative of damage to cortical regions of the brain. It can measure the effect of neurocognitive disorders on spatial learning and possible neural treatments, to test the effect of lesions to the brain in areas focused on memory, and to study how age influences cognitive function and spatial learning. The fee listed applies to a cohort of 8 mice.
inquire
D4403
Cognitive Function - Morris Water Maze (Female Mice)
The Morris water maze (MWM) is a widely used tool to study spatial learning and memory. It can assess learning, memory, and spatial working memory and can also indicative of damage to cortical regions of the brain. It can measure the effect of neurocognitive disorders on spatial learning and possible neural treatments, to test the effect of lesions to the brain in areas focused on memory, and to study how age influences cognitive function and spatial learning. Fees apply to a cohort of 8 Female mice.
inquire
D4404
Cognitive Function - Y Maze
The y-maze is a modification of the T- maze which evaluates memory and special learning in rodents though quantification of spontaneous alternation (a measure of spatial cognition). This measure has previously been shown to be affected in mouse models of Alzheimer’s. Fee is per mouse, 8 mouse minimum.
inquire
D4405
Light-Dark assay
Anxiety-like assay based on conflict
Inquire
D4406
3-chambered social approach
Choice of social stimulus versus novel object
Inquire
D4407
Fear Conditioning & Testing
Contextual and Cued learning and memory (3 day assay)
$88.00
D4408
Passive Avoidance
Aversion-dependent learning & memory test (2-day assay)
$88.00
D4409
Grip Strength
Forelimb & hindlimb grip force
$7.00
D4410
Startle & Prepulse Inhibition of Startle
Sensorimotor gating
$20.00
D4411
Novel Object/Location Recognition
Learning and memory (short or long term)
$37.00
D4412
Social Interaction
Dyad reciprocal social interactions
$37.00
D4413
Male-female social interaction
Male ultrasonic calling
$25.00
D4414
Marbles Burying
Repetitive Behaviors
$20.00
D4415
Touchscreen Operant Testing
Learning, Memory & Discrimination
$175.00
D4416
Fcn’l Observational Battery
Health, Morphology & Neurological assessments
$25.00
D4417
DigiGait
Gait evaluation
$37.00
D4418
Rotarod
Balance, Motor & Motor learning
$37.00
D4419
Open Field
Locomotion, anxiety
$20.00
D4420
Elevated plus-maze
Anxiety-like assay based on conflict
$20.00
D4421
Nociception
Thermal (Hargreaves) & Mechanical (von Frey) tests
Inquire
D4501
Wound healing
In vivo imaging of wound healing w. reporter mouse
Inquire
D4601
Special Services
Consultation; Study design or data analysis. (Advanced data analysis or data analyses from data obtained outside core.)
$68.00
MI1001
Free Study Design and Consultation
Free Study Design and Consultation with no need to inquire any studies
Free
MI1002
Catheterization of jugular vein
Catheterization of jugular vein
$73.10/animal/procedure
MI1003
Catheterization of carotid artery
Catheterization of carotid artery
$94.71/animal/procedure
MI1004
Catheterization of jugular vein AND carotid artery
Catheterization of jugular vein AND carotid artery
$156.04/animal/procedure
MI1005
Catheterization of portal vein
Catheterization of portal vein
$122.97/animal /procedure
MI1006
Catheterization of portal vein AND carotid artery
Catheterization of portal vein AND carotid artery
$165.0/animal/procedure
MI1007
Catheterization of stomach or bladder
Catheterization of stomach or bladder
$52.95/animal/procedure
MI1008
Partial pancreatectomy
Partial pancreatectomy
$39.54/animal for 60% removal; $49.35/animal for 90% removal
MI1009
Parabiosis (a surgical union of two mice)
Parabiosis (a surgical union of two mice)
$135.20/procedure; $94.74 to include the reverse surgery
MI1010
Intracranial cannulation
Intracranial cannulation
$131.05/animal/procedure
MI1011
Renal capsual implantation
Renal capsual implantation
$51.30/animal/procedure
MI1012
Sub-total nephrectomy
Sub-total nephrectomy with a removal of up to 5/6 of total kidney
$131.02/mouse/procedure
MI1013
Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT or IPGTT) including blood glucose and plasma insulin
Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT or IPGTT) including blood glucose and plasma insulin
$85.60/animal/procedure
MI1014
Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT or IPGTT) w/o plasma insulin
Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT or IPGTT) w/o plasma insulin
$47.66/animal/procedure
MI1015
Insulin or Pyruvate Tolerance Test
Insulin or Pyruvate Tolerance Test
$41.65/animal/procedure
MI1016
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose + 14C-2DG)
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose + 14C-2DG)
$478.31/animal
MI1017
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose OR 14C-2DG)
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose OR 14C-2DG)
$421.30/animal
MI1018
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp w/o tracers
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp w/o tracers
$387.00/animal
MI1019
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis during Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose)
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis during Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose)
$39.93/animal
MI1020
Hepatic glycogen synthesis
Hepatic glycogen synthesis during Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (3H-glucose)
$39.93/animal
MI1021
Steady-state plasma NEFA during Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
Steady-state plasma NEFA during Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
$39.93/animal
MI1022
Hyperglycemic clamp excluding plasma insulin ($10/sample)
Hyperglycemic clamp with blood glucose clamped at 300 mg/dL or double the baseline. Plasma insulin will be measured by ELISA and charged separately at $10/sample.
$389.19/animal
MI1023
Hyperglycemic clamp
Hyperglycemic clamp
$382.69/animal
MI1024
Whole-body energy expenditure for conventional or germ-free mice. Free body composition measurement.
Whole-body energy expenditure: using the Promethion system (16 shoebox cages, sampling @ every 10 min) with food and water intake, and in-cage activity.
$42.08/mouse/day
MI1025
Whole-body energy expenditure @ thermoneutrality (30 °C) and/or cold (as low as 5 °C), with core body temperature (preimplanted BMDS transponder)
Whole-body energy expenditure @ thermoneutrality (30 °C) and/or cold (as low as 5 °C), with core body temperature (preimplanted BMDS transponder)
$45.56/mouse/day
MI1026
Whole-body energy expenditure + 13CO2 production (escluding compound cost)
Whole-body energy expenditure with instant measurement of 13CO2 production using 13C-labeled metabolic compound (separate cost)
$45.56/mouse/day
MI1027
Non-shivering thermogenesis using injection of norepinephrine (including 24hours acclimation at 30°C)
Non-shivering thermogenesis using injection of norepinephrine (including 24hours acclimation at 30°C)
$55.16/mouse/visit
MI1028
Body Composition (EchoMRI 4in1-500)
Body Composition (EchoMRI 4in1-500)
$13.50/mouse/visit
MI1029
Organ or tissue composition
For freshly collected organ/tissue or after heated @ 37 °C
$2.15/ea
MI1030
Bomb calorimetry (Parr 6200, 1108 oxygen bomb) for measuring calorie content in food, feces, or tissue.
Samples will be dried, powdered, and mixed with unbleached wheat flour or benzuic acid at 1:9 by weight to form a 1.00g pellet. Each sample will be measured in duplicate.
$32.95/sample
MI1031
Fat Tolerance Test, Oral gavage (olive or corn oil)
Fat Tolerance Test, Oral gavage (olive or corn oil)
$56.08/mouse
MI1032
Fat fluxes (fat uptake and oxidation in tissues using 3H-triolene)
Fat fluxes (fat uptake and oxidation in tissue using 3H-triolene)
$107.28/animal
MI1033
Hepatic TG Secretion (Poloxamer 407 or Triton WR-1339)
Hepatic TG Secretion (Poloxamer 407 or Triton WR-1339)
56.08/mouse UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1034
Automated Blood Sampling and/or Intravenous Infusion (Culex System) in conscious, free-moving and undisturbed mice (requiring surgical cannulation)
Automated Blood Sampling and/or Intravenous Infusion (Culex System), with NO human presence, sampling frewency goes up to every 5 minutes and a duration up to 7 days.
$15.18/mouse or $21.77/rat, plus $3.25/sample, injection, or infusion per hour
MI1035
Manual Blood Sampling and/or Intravenous Infusion in conscious, free-moving mice (requiring surgical cannulation)
Manual Blood Sampling and/or Intravenous is frequently used in glucose clamps or steady-state stable isotopic labeling of metabolites with a duration of 2-8 hours
$15.18/mouse or $21.77/rat, plus $3.70/sample, injection, or infusion per hour
MI1036
Steady-state isotopic labeling of metabolites for studying metabolomics (requiring surgical cannulation)
Steady-state isotopic labeling of metabolites (requiring surgical cannulation)
$15.18/mouse or $21.77/rat, plus $3.70/sample, injection, or infusion per hour
MI1037
Steady-state isotopic labeling of metabolites under insulin clamp
Steady-state stable isotopic labeling of metabolites under insulin clamp: a combination of stable isotopic labeling and insulin clamp.
Please Inquire
MI1038
Treadmil Exercise Training
Treadmil running capacity training with various protocols.
$36.37/mouse/week
MI1039
Running Capacity (running time and distance to exhaustion)
Running Capacity (running time and distance to exhaustion)
$37.67/mouse/procedure
MI1040
Running Capacity (VO2max)
Running Capacity (VO2max): using Promethion or CLAMS @ a continuous VO2 and VCO2 sampling per 1-5 seconds and VO2max is defined as average of the highest 30sec values near to or at exhaustion.
$56.82/mouse/procedure
MI1041
In-cage Running Wheel Activity (Starr Life Sci) @RT
Cage size: 14.375"x8.125"x5,5" (LxWxH), with a virtical mounted stainless steel running wheel (w/H/Ø: 2"x4.75"x4.5" ), using Vitalview software to track wheel revlutions and running distance and time.
$2.13/mouse/day
MI1042
In-cage Running Wheel Activity (Starr Life Sci) @thermoneutrality or cold
In-cage Running Wheel Activity (Starr Life Sci) @thermoneutrality or cold using a temperature-controled housing cabinet (Powers Scitific).
$2.51/mouse/day
MI1043
Manual Body Weight Recording
Manual Body Weight Recording
$2.51/mouse/visit; $3.26/rat/visit
MI1044
Manual Food or Water Recording
Manual Food or Water Recording
$2.43/mouse/visit; $3.29/rat/visit
MI1045
Oral Gavage
A commonly used medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube through the mouth, past the throat, and down into the stomach.
$5.39/mouse/visit; $5.90/rat/visit
MI1046
Bronchoalveiolar Lavage
A medical process using a saline solution to wash the airways and capture a fluid sample at tissue dissection.
$12.81/animal/visit
MI1047
Rectal Temperature Recording (YSI 4600 precision thermometer)
Rectal Temperature Recording (YSI 4600 precision thermometer)
$4.02/mouse/visit; $4.55/rat/visit
MI1048
Body Temperature (subq, BAT, or IP) (requiring implantation of BMDS transponder)
The transponder chip (IPTT-300) will be surgically implanted in sub-cu or IP under light isoflurane anesthesia. Body temperature will be recorded using DAS7007s scanner without touching animals, Bio Medic Data Systems)
$4.02/mouse/visit; $4.55/rat/visit
MI1049
24-hour Urine and/or Fecal Collection
24-hour Urine and/or Fecal Collection
$8.30/mouse/day
MI1050
Tissue Dissection/Collection (Mouse)
Tissue Dissection/Collection (under pentobarbital/ketamine/isoflurane anesthesia or immediately after decapitation/cervical dislocation; tissues are immediately frozen in liquid N2, stored at -80°C, and delivered with dry ice)
$16.71/mouse + $3.81/sample and $5,60/brain sample.
MI1051
Tissue Dissection/Collection (Rat)
Tissue Dissection/Collection (under pentobarbital/ketamine/isoflurane anesthesia or immediately after decapitation/cervical dislocation; tissues are immediately frozen in liquid N2, stored at -80°C, and delivered with dry ice)
$28.08/mouse + $4.42/sample and $6.45/brain sample.
MI1052
Tail Vein Blood Sampling (plasma or serum)
Tail Vein Blood Sampling (plasma or serum)
$3.70/animal/visit, $3.86/animal/visit (heparin), $4.06/animal/visit (EDTA), or $4.77/animal/visit (serum)
MI1053
Retro-orbital bleeding (under isoflurane anesthesia)
Retro-orbital bleeding (under isoflurane anesthesia)
$1.80/sample for EDTA plasma extraction (using EDTA coated micro tube)
$2.60/sample for blood glucose (glucometer),
$2.50/sample for plasma glu
$5.19/animal/visit, $5.35/animal/visit (heparin), $5.67/animal/visit (EDTA), or $6.35/animal/visit (serum)
MI1054
Tail Vein Injection
Tail Vein Injection
$12.05/mouse/visit; $12.88/rat/visit
MI1055
IP Injection
Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the peritoneum (body cavity)
$2.76/mouse/visit; $3.19/rat/visit
MI1056
Subcutaneous Injection
Subcutaneous Injection
$2.76/mouse/visit; $3.19/rat/visit
MI1057
Plasma glucose (using a colorimetric kit)
Plasma glucose (using a colorimetric kit)
$3.63/sample
MI1058
Plasma insulin (using a ELISA kit)
Plasma insulin (using a ELISA kit)
$15.02/sample
MI1059
Plasma NEFA (using a colorimetric kit)
Plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) (using a colorimetric kit)
$6.98/sample
MI1060
Plasma TG (using a colorimetric kit)
Plasma triglyceride (TG) (using a colorimetric kit)
$6.23/sample
MI1061
Tissue glycogen content
Tissue glycogen content
$40.40/sample UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1062
Tissue TG content
Tissue triglyceride (TG) content
$40.40/sample UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1063
Novel Objective Recognition Test (NORT)
NORT: a widely-used behavioral test for studying learning and memory in mice or rats. EthoVision XT by Noldus was used to record, track, and analyze all videos.
$47.42/animal
MI1064
Morris Water Maze
The Morris water maze is a behavioral procedure widely used in behavioral neuroscience to study spatial learning and memory. It enables learning, memory, and spatial working to be studied with great accuracy and can also be used to assess damage to particular cortical regions of the brain.
$116.90/animal
MI1065
Open Field Test (OFT)
OFT: a commonly used test for measuring exploratory behavior, general locomotor activity, and anxiety-related emotional behaviors. EthoVision XT by Noldus was used to record, track, and analyze all videos.
$41.42/animal
MI1066
Light-Dark Box (LDB)
LDB: a widely-used behavioral test for studying anxiety in mice or rats. EthoVision XT by Noldus was used to record, track, and analyze all videos.
$41.42/animal
MI1067
Elevated Plus Maze (Ethovision)
The elevated plus maze is a well-characterized behavioral paradigm, one of the most used tests for anxiety research. The maze contains two open arms and two closed (wall-sheltered) arms and relies upon the animal’s natural tendency to stay in enclosed spaces and their unconditioned fear for open spaces and heights. In short, anxious animals will spend more time in the closed arms than less anxious animals.
$41.42/animal
MI1068
Y-maze
Y-maze: a frequently used test for assessing short term memory in mice. EthoVision XT by Noldus was used to record, track, and analyze all videos.
$41.42/animal
MI1069
Forced Swim Test
This task is used to assess depressive-like behavior (or a form of learned helplessness). Animals that are considered more depressive tend to give up sooner and more completely when faced with a high degree of adversity.
$38.17/animal
MI1070
Tail Suspension Test
This task is used to assess depressive-like behavior (or a form of learned helplessness). Animals that are considered more depressive tend to give up sooner and more completely when faced with a high degree of adversity.
$32.41/animal
MI1071
Rotarod Test (Maze Engineer)
This task is used to assess motor function and coordination. Motor coordination or fatigue can be evaluated by measuring the time the stays on a rotating rod before falling.
$32.41/animal
MI1072
Grip Strength Test (Maze Engineer)
This task is used to motor function and deficit. The animal's paws are placed on a wire grid, which the animal will naturally hold on to while its tail is gently pulled backwards. The maximum strength of the grip prior to grip release is recorded.
$5.39/visit
MI1073
Laboratory Assistance and Training
Laboratory Assistance and Training
$120.15/hour
MI1074
Animal Housing Per diem
1) Ventilated: $0.93/mouse cage/day, $1.74/rat cage/day; 2) Non-ventilated: $1.11/mouse cage/day, $1.97/rat cage/day.
MI1075
Onsite Breeding Care
NULL
$1.95/mouse cage/day; $2.70/rat cage/day
MI1076
Technician Time
NULL
$120.15/hour
MI1077
Customized Data Analysis
NULL
$151.03/hour
MI1078
Germ Free Mice - C57BL/6
Germ Free mice are free of all exongenous micro-organisms. They can be used in the Michigan facility or shipped to other facilities in germ-free shipping containers. Unit cost is per mouse and does not include shipping.
$85.45/per mouse < 8 weeks; $115.81/per mouse > 8 weeks UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1079
Germ Free Mice - Swiss Webster
Germ Free mice are free of all exongenous micro-organisms. They can be used in the Michigan facility or shipped to other facilities in germ-free shipping containers. Unit cost is per mouse and does not include shipping.
$73.78/per mouse < 8 weeks; $81.21/per mouse > 8 weeks UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1080
Housing Germ Free Mice - Per Dium
The cost per day to house germ free mice.
MI1081
Germ Free Mice - BALB/c
Germ Free mice are free of all exongenous micro-organisms. They can be used in the Michigan facility or shipped to other facilities in germ-free shipping containers. Unit cost is per mouse and does not include shipping.
$85.45/per mouse < 8 weeks; $115.81/per mouse > 8 weeks UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1082
Germ Free Mice - IL-10 Knockout
Germ Free mice are free of all exongenous micro-organisms. They can be used in the Michigan facility or shipped to other facilities in germ-free shipping containers. Unit cost is per mouse and does not include shipping.
$85.45/per mouse < 8 weeks; $115.81/per mouse > 8 weeks UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1083
Germ Free Mice - Rag1 Knockout
Germ Free mice are free of all exongenous micro-organisms. They can be used in the Michigan facility or shipped to other facilities in germ-free shipping containers. Unit cost is per mouse and does not include shipping.
$85.45/per mouse < 8 weeks; $115.81/per mouse > 8 weeks UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1084
Germ Free Mice - Shipping
Germ Free Shipper is $800.00 plus the cost of shipping the animals using World Courier.
Please Inquire
MI1085
Germ Free - Technician Time
Technician time per hour for services including treatments, inoculations, fecal collections, body weight determination, blood and urine collection, etc.
$38.52/hr UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1086
Germ Free - Per Diem
The cost per day to house germ free mice.
$5.59/ per care day UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1087
Germ Free - Rederivation
Hysterectomy derivation of new germ free mouse strains. Requires submission of 10 breeding pairs of donor strain Includes date-mating, hysterectomy, fostering, and weaning of pups as well as all per diems for breeders, fosters, and litters, and screening for sterility. Does not include shipping or per diem beyond weaning age. Please contact Germ-Free Mouse Facility Director, Dr. Kathryn Eaton at kateaton@umich.edu for more information.
Please Inquire
MI1088
Germ Free - Microbial community establishment
Please contact Germ-Free Mouse Facility Director, Dr. Kathryn Eaton at kateaton@umich.edu for more information.
Please Inquire
MI1089
Germ Free - Surgical manipulation
Please contact Germ-Free Mouse Facility Director, Dr. Kathryn Eaton at kateaton@umich.edu for more information.
Please Inquire
MI1090
Germ Free - Experimental Design and consultation
Please contact Germ-Free Mouse Facility Director, Dr. Kathryn Eaton at kateaton@umich.edu for more information.
Please Inquire
MI1091
Animal Importation
In order to begin the process of importing animals, the Principal Investigator (PI) or designated laboratory staff member must submit a Shipping Form (Import) via the eResearch Animal Management (eRAM) system. On average, it takes approximately 2-3 weeks to complete a domestic shipment once the Shipping Form has been submitted in eRAM. This process takes longer for international shipments. For additional information, please visit Michigan's Animal Care and Use Program webite at http://animalcare.umich.edu/animal-use/transporting-animals Study teams who wish to have animals shipped to the University of Michigan from other institutions or non-commercial (approved) vendors should contact the ULAM Rodent Health Surveillance Team at ulam-rhst@umich.edu or (734) 936-1699 at least two weeks in advance of desired delivery date. All rodents shipped internationally to the U-M must have a negative test for Ectromelia virus, the causative agent of Mousepox. Please note that rodents who test positive for Ectromelia virus, or that have not been tested, will not be accepted under any circumstances.
Please Inquire
MI1092
Quarantine per diem
All rodents shipped to the U-M from non-approved vendors and/or other institutions must be quarantined for approximately three weeks to avoid the possible introduction of infectious agents to the University’s rodent colonies. Animals in quarantine are tested for viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents. If animals test positive for rodent viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections while in quarantine, they must be treated for the infection and, if appropriate, re-derived by embryo transfer via the Transgenic Animal Model Core or used in non-survival experiments. The same is true for rodents that are known to be positive at the time of shipment to U-M. Accordingly, ULAM Veterinary Staff strongly discourages investigators from acquiring research animals with known rodent viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections. Investigators are responsible for paying all quarantine-associated costs, including technician time, laboratory testing, and per-diems. Once the animals are released from quarantine, ULAM will transfer them to the appropriate animal housing room. Study teams who wish to have animals shipped to the University of Michigan from other institutions or non-commercial (approved) vendors should contact the ULAM Rodent Health Surveillance Team at ulam-rhst@umich.edu(link sends e-mail) or (734) 936-1699 at least two weeks in advance of desired delivery date.
Please Inquire
MI1093
Animal procurement
We will obtain the requested mouse strain.
Please inquire
MI1094
Animal Health Surveillance - PCR Rodent Infectious Agent testing
This service detects viruses, bacteria and parasites in animals by screening noninvasive samples with a PRIA® (PCR Rodent Infectious Agent) Panel (10 samples batched in one tube).
$44.61/hr UofM (please inquire for external pricing) UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1095
Genotyping (collection of 15 samples)
Genotyping services for knock-out, knock-in, transgenic, or any other genetically-modified mouse strains.
$33.32 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1096
Complete blood count (CBC)
Hemavet instrument: WBC, RBC, Hb HT, NCV, MCH, MCHC, PLT, requires 50-100 µL of whole blood
$28.48 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1097
Blood smear (prep only)
A blood smear is a blood test used to look for abnormalities in blood cells. Manual preparation of blood smear.
$14.39 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1098
Reticulocyte count
Percent of reticulocytes in RBC count. 50-100 µL whole blood required.
$41.14 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1099
Blood Chemistry
Full Chem Panel Includes: ALB, ALP, ALT, AST, BUN, Ca, Chol, CK, Creat, Gluc, T. Bili, T. Prot, Trig, Electrolytes Mini Chem Panel includes: ALB, ALP, ALT, Ca, BUN, Creat, T.Pro, Gluc, T.Bili 270µL serum required
$74.78 Full Panel / $54.66 Mini Chem Panel UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1100
Blood Chemistry - Mini Liver Panel
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) tests. Require 50 µL serum
$30.60 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1101
Blood Chemistry - Renal Panel
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine tests. Requires 50 µL serum
$38.95 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1102
Blood Chemistry - Additional Chemistries per animal
A La Carte price for individual clinical chemistry analyses
$7.58/chemistry UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1103
Urinalysis - Complete Panel
Routine analysis (Catalog #MI1019) + casts, bacteria, mucous, epithelial cells, crystals
$48.26 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1104
Urinalysis - Routine Panel
Determine color, clarity, specific gravity, pH, Protein, Glucose, Ketones, Urobilinogen, Bilirubin, Blood, #RBC and #WBC per HPF in urine.
$46.91 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1105
Urinalysis - Aerobic General Culture
Urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) and to identify the bacteria causing the infection. This test will screen for Aerobic bacteria. The samples are sent to Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health (DCPAH) for testing.
$53.00 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1106
Urinalysis - Anaerobic Culture
Urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) and to identify the bacteria causing the infection. This test will screen for Anaerobic bacteria. The samples are sent to Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health (DCPAH) for testing.
$52.48 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1107
Urinalysis - Fungal Culture
Urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) and to identify the bacteria and fungus causing an infection. This test will screen for fungi. The samples are sent to Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health (DCPAH) for testing.
$62.11 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1108
Urinalysis - General Culture plus sensitivity
Urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) and to identify the bacteria causing the infection. This test will provide a general culture plus sensitivity analysis. A sensitivity analysis is a test that determines the “sensitivity” of bacteria to an antibiotic. It also determines the ability of the drug to kill the bacteria. The samples are sent to Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health (DCPAH) for testing.
$91.96 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1109
White Blood Cell (WBC) Differential Count
White Blood Cell (WBC) Differential Count
$40.68 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1110
Decalcification
Decalcification of mineralized bony tissue. Variable lengths of time may be needed based on the extent of mineralization.
$11.00 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1111
Histology - Trim/Cassette (Paraffin or OCT)
Provide services to trim tissues and mount them in cassettes.
$12.71/tissue UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1112
Histology - Automated Coverslipping
Automated glass coverslipping of stained or unstained tissue slides.
Please inquire
MI1113
Histology - Paraffin Process & Embed
Fixed tissue is processed through graded alcohols and xylene and ultimately paraffin embedded. Final result will be fixed paraffin embedded tissue in cassettes.
$6.34 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1114
Histology - Tissue Sections, Paraffin Unstained Slide
Paraffin embedded tissues are sectioned resulting in unstained tissue section(s) on slide.
$6.00 or $9.00 depending if Simple or Complex UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1115
Histology - Tissue Sections, Paraffin H&E Stain
Paraffin embedded tissues are sectioned, mounted on slides, H&E stained and coverslipped.
$8.00 or $12.00 depending if Simple or Complex UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1116
Histology - Tissue Sections, Frozen Unstained Slide
OCT embedded tissue is sectioned using a cryostat and mounted on slides.
$14.08 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1117
Histology - Tissue Sections, Frozen H&E Stained
OCT embedded tissues are sectioned on a cryostat, mounted on slides, H&E stained and coverslipped.
$15.48 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1118
Histology - Special Stain, Masson Trichrome (MTC)
Mounted tissue is stained using the Masson's trichrome three-color staining protocol. This special stain is used to stain for collagen
$20.00 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1119
Histology - McManus PAS Stain
Mounted tissue is stained using the McManus PAS staining protocol. Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) is a staining method used to detect polysaccharides such as glycogen, and mucosubstances such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and mucins in tissues.
$9.93 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1120
Histology - Special Stain, Toluidine Blue
Mounted tissue is stained using the Toluidine Blue staining protocol. This special stain is used to stain for mast cell granules. Price is for paraffinized tissues, not for thick sections for TEM.
$28.15 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1121
Histology - Special Stain, Prussian Blue
Prussian blue is a common stain used by pathologists to detect the presence of iron in biopsy specimens, such as deposits of storage ferritin in bone marrow biopsy samples.
$42.22 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1122
Histology - Special Stain, Picrosirius Red
Picrosirius red is used to study collagen fibrils in different tissues.
$28.15 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1123
Histology - Special Stain, Verhoeff Van Gieson
Van Gieson's stain is a mixture of picric acid and acid fuchsin. It is the simplest method of differential staining of collagen and other connective tissue.
$49.25 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1124
Histology - Special Stain, Gram
Differential staining for gram positive and gram negative bacteria
$49.25 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1125
Histology - Special Stain, Luxol Fast Blue (LFB)
Luxol fast blue stain is commonly used to observe myelin.
$49.25 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1126
Histology - Special Stain, Warthin Starry
The Warthin–Starry stain is a silver nitrate-based staining method for the detection of spirochetes, Helicobacter, Treponema, and small bacilli: Campylobacter, Bartonella, Legionella
$35.00 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1127
Histology - Special Stain, Other
In addition to the listed catalog items of special stains, the center can provide other special stains that are not listed. Please consult with the center core personnel for your specific needs.
$42.22 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1128
Immunohistochemistry - Tier 1 (ALDH1, Amylase, aSMA, CD45R-B220, CD3, Caspase-3, F4/80, GFAP, GFP, Insulin, Ki67, Ly-6G, Lyve-1, Mac2, Neurofilament)
Immunohistochemistry refers to the process of selectively imaging antigens in cells of a tissue section using antibodies. This tier will assess the specific immunohistochemical markers listed in the name. The client must supply the antibody.
$42.38 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1129
Immunohistochemistry - Tier 2 Tier 2 (AE1/AE3 + 8/18, CD4, CD8a, CD31, Estrogen Receptor, Glucagon, c-erbB2/HER2, Progesterone, Von Willebrand Factor)
Immunohistochemistry refers to the process of selectively imaging antigens in cells of a tissue section using antibodies. This tier will assess the specific immunohistochemical markers listed in the name. The client must supply the antibody.
$48.50 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1130
Immunohistochemistry - Tier 3 (Casase-3, GFP, Glucagon, MMP8, AE1/AE3)
Immunohistochemistry refers to the process of selectively imaging antigens in cells of a tissue section using antibodies. This tier will assess the specific immunohistochemical markers listed in the name. The client must supply the antibody.
$31.20 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1131
Immunohistochemistry - Tier 4 (ALDH1, CD8, Lyve-1)
Immunohistochemistry refers to the process of selectively imaging antigens in cells of a tissue section using antibodies. This tier will assess the specific immunohistochemical markers listed in the name. The client must supply the antibody.
$33.80 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1132
Immunohistochemistry - Tier 5 (CD31, ER, PR HER2)
Immunohistochemistry refers to the process of selectively imaging antigens in cells of a tissue section using antibodies. This tier will assess the specific immunohistochemical markers listed in the name. The client must supply the antibody.
$36.40 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1133
Histology Technician Labor
Histotechnician time for immunohistochemistry and histology.
$60.00/hour UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1134
Pathologist Hourly
Slides are reviewed and interpreted by a pathologist. A report will be provided to the client.
$250.00/hour UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1135
Aperio 20X scan, Semi-automated, >50 slides
Digital capture of each slide at 20X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$8.00/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1136
Aperio 20X scan, Semi-automated, batch of 20-50
Digital capture of a batch of slides at 20X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$10.00/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1137
Aperio 20X scan, Semi-automated, each
Digital capture of large batch of slides at 20X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$19.00/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1138
Aperio Technician Labor
Technician time per hour for labeling, file mgmt. Digital capture of a slide with folding or other abnormalities requiring manual oversight using the Aperio Slide Scanner
$60.00/hr UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1139
Aperio Slide Scan - 40X scan, Automated, single slide
Digital capture of each slide at 40X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$17.50/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1140
Aperio Slide Scan - 40X scan, Automated, batch of 20-50
Digital capture of a batch of slides at 40X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$17.00/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1141
Aperio Slide Scan - 40X scan, Automated, batch of 50+
Digital capture of a larger batch of slides at 40X magnification using Aperio Slide Scanner.
$15.50/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1142
Aperio Slide Scan - 40X scan, manual, single slide
Digital capture of a slide with folding or other abnormalities requiring manual oversight.
$27.50/each UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1143
Histology - Negative Control (mouse tissue)
NULL
$44.83 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1144
Histology - Stain (mouse tissue)
NULL
$44.83 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1145
Histology - Special Stain, Oil Red O (ORO)
NULL
$42.83 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1146
Immunohistochemistry - Stain, Negative Control
NULL
$44.83 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1147
Immunohistochemistry - Stain, Non-IVAC Primary Antibody
NULL
$44.83 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1148
Immunohistochemistry - Stain, Titration Slide
NULL
$41.00 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
MI1149
Immunohistochemistry - Stain, Frozen IHC or Immunofluorence Slide
NULL
$50.95 UofM fee (please inquire for external pricing)
V3000
Jugular Vein or Carotid Artery Catheterization
Jugular Vein or Carotid Artery Catheterization (please specify in your order).
$75.90 (external)
V3001
Cannulation of cerebral ventricle
Implantation of a cerebral ventricle cannula allows investigators to evaluate physiological responses following central administration of various compounds. Anesthetized mice are placed in a digital stereotaxic apparatus (0.001 mm accuracy, Cartesian Instruments) specifically designed for mice. The dorsal scalp will be shaved, wiped with a betadine solution, and then a small midline incision over the dorsal surface is made to allow access to the cranium. After the affixed centering scope is used to "zero" lambda and bregma landmarks, a single guide cannula (2.5 mm length, 26-gauge, Plastics One) is positioned 1.0 mm above the lateral ventricle (coordinates: 0.6 mm posterior to bregma, 1.5 mm lateral to midline, 1.4 mm below the surface of the skull) and fixed to the skull using two stainless steel screws and dental cement. The incision in the scalp is then closed with surgical thread. Animals are removed to a post-surgical warming bed, and then individually housed for several hours until fully awake. Animals will be allowed to recover from surgery for a minimum of 7 days prior to testing, during which time a 30-gauge dummy cannula is left inside the guide cannula to prevent blockage.
$92/per mouse
V3002
Jugular vein and carotid artery catheterization
Arterial catheterization allows investigators to sample arterial blood as required for adequate glucose clamping (Niswender et al. J. Biol. Chem, 1997, Halseth et al. Am. J. Physiol. 1999) or other infusion/sampling purposes (Rottman et al. Am. J. Physiol. 1999) Catheterization of the right jugular vein allows the infusion of hormones, substrates, and tracers into the systemic circulation. The jugular venous catheter can be used to sample venous blood in long-term experiments because the jugular vein catheter will work for almost a month.
Arterial catheters are made from polyethylene tubing (PE-10) that is connected to silicone tubing (0.3 mm I.D., and 0.64 mm O.D.), 25 mm long. Jugular vein catheters are made from silicone tubing (0.3 mm I.D., and 0.64 mm O.D.). These catheters are connected to stainless steel tubes (0.3 mm I.D., 0.41 mm O.D., 15 mm) bent into an L shape. On the free end of the L shaped stainless steel tube a 20 mm piece of micro-renathane tubing (0.36 mm I.D., and 0.84 mm O.D.) is attached. The L shaped stainless steel tubes, attached to an arterial and a jugular vein catheter, are bundled together with silicone tubing (0.76 mm I.D. and 1.65 mm O.D.) and anchored with silastic medical adhesive (Silicone Type A). The catheters and the micro-renathane-stainless steel tubing will be heat sterilized.
The mouse is anesthetized and its skin on the interscapula and ventral surface of the neck is depilated by plucking. The depilated area is sterilized with 10% povidone-iodine. A small longitudinal incision (about 5 mm) is made in the skin over where the anterior jugular, acromeodeltoid, and cephalic veins join together. The connective tissues surrounding this junction are carefully removed. Two thin threads of silk (6-0 Silk, Davis+Gech) are passed under the jugular vein below the level of the junction. They are separated by about 3 mm. The cephalic thread, placed just below the joint, is tied to prevent bleeding. A small incision is then made just below the ligature, and the catheter is pushed 13 mm into the lumen. The catheter is fixed with the second thread and the thread previously used to tie the jugular vein. The common carotid artery is separated from the vagus nerve and muscle, and then two thin threads of silk (6-0 Silk, Davis+Gech) are passed under the artery. The cephalic thread is tied to prevent bleeding and then the artery is clamped by small bulldog clamp. A small incision is made just below the ligature, and the catheter is inserted into the lumen. The clamp is taken off and the catheter is pushed in 10 mm. The catheter is fixed with a second thread and the thread previously used to prevent bleeding. A blunt needle (16 gauge) is carefully inserted through the incision on the interscapula and pushed subcutaneously until the end comes out through the incision in the neck. The catheters will be carefully seized and pulled slowly through the needle. The incisions in the skin are then sutured. The catheters are connected to the stainless steel tubes. The bent portion of the stainless steel tubing is implanted under the skin and the incision is sutured. The implanted catheter is flushed with saline containing 200 U heparin/ml and 1 mg ampicillin/ml. Then the micro-renathane tubing is closed with a stainless steel wire. The mouse is injected subcutaneously with 150 mg/kg ampicillin. The total duration of the operation is about 50 min. Animals are removed to a post-surgical warming bed, and monitored until fully awake. Postoperative body weight and food intake are measured daily.
$136.40
V3003
Glucose Tolerance Test (Oral, i.p., Intravenous, or gastric catheter)
Oral glucose tolerance tests are performed on conscious mice with catheters chronically implanted directly in the stomach and the carotid artery. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests are performed on conscious mice with catheters chronically implanted in the jugular vein and carotid artery. Glucose will be given at 1g/kg or 2g/kg. These doses lead to peak blood glucose levels of 250 mg/dl to 400 mg/dl in wild type C57/bl/6 mice.
oral/ip: $36.30; With catheters: consult with Director
V3004
Glucose turnover
A primed (2 µCi) continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose (0.4 µCi/min) is used to assess the rates of glucose appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd). Tracer is infused to allow a steady state to be reached then blood samples are taken to assess arterial glucose specific activity. Ra will be estimated as the ratio of the rate of infusion of [3-3H]glucose and the steady state plasma [3H] glucose specific activity (dpm/mg). Under steady state conditions, the rate of glucose disappearance (Rd) equals the rate of glucose appearance. The rate of glucose clearance is calculated by dividing the Rd by the arterial glucose concentration. Application of this technique is described by Niswender et al. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, and She et al. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2000.
Consult with Director - included with V3005
V3005
Hyperinsulinemic clamp
The hyperinsulinemic clamp is used to measure insulin action in vivo. Hyperinsulinemic clamps are performed on conscious mice with catheters chronically implanted in the jugular vein and carotid artery. A continuous infusion of insulin is given. Glucose levels are monitored in arterial samples every 5-10 min using an Accuchek glucose analyzer that allows the analysis of glucose with only 1 µl of blood. Glucose is infused in the jugular vein catheter at rates necessary to achieve the desired glucose level, based on feedback from arterial glucose measurements. These methods allow assessment of the responsiveness of the body to insulin. Blood from a donor animal is infused to maintain blood volume. By combining this technique with the tracer method one can also examine the impact of insulin on suppression of endogenous glucose production. (1, 2)
1. Ayala JE, Bracy DP, Malabanan C, James FD, Ansari T, Fueger PT, et al. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice. J Vis Exp. 2011:e3188.
2. Halseth AE, Bracy DP, Wasserman DH. Overexpression of hexokinase II increases insulin and exercise-stimulated muscle glucose uptake in vivo. Am J Physiol. 1999 1/1999;276(1 Pt 1):E70-E7.
$639/mouse with [3-3H] glucose + [14C] deoxyglucose (includes surgery and analysis and hormones)
V3006
Hyperglycemic clamp
The responsiveness of the pancreas to glucose is assessed using the hyperglycemic clamp. Hyperglycemic clamps are performed on conscious mice with catheters chronically implanted in the jugular vein and carotid artery. Our clamps include 11 arterial insulin measurements and 3 arterial c-peptide measures.
A defined hyperglycemic stimulus is created using a primed variable glucose infusion to raise the glucose level to twice basal for 120 min. An established priming algorithm is used to elevate glucose quickly.
Mice with extra copies of the glucokinase gene locus were demonstrated to have a blunted insulin response to hyperglycemia using this technique (Niswender et al. J. Biol. Chem. 1997).
$598 (includes surgery, insulin + c-peptide measurements and analysis)
V3008
Glycogen synthesis
Using [U-14C]glucose, the incorporation of the carbon of glucose into glycogen can be measured. If the ratio of [14C]UDP-glucose to blood glucose specific activity is assessed the fraction of glycogen formation from direct and indirect pathways can be calculated.
Consult with Director
V3009
Amino acid kinetics
The turnover of phenyalanine (3H ring 2,3,4,5,6 phenylalanine) , glutamine (U-14C-glutamine) and leucine (1-14C-leucine) is assessed by a primed continuous infusion of their respective isotopes for 2 hours (0.2-0.4 µCi/min). Blood samples (20 µl) are taken after a steady state is reached to assess plasma amino acid specific activity. Blood samples are mixed with an equal volume of 6% sulfosalicylic acid. Incorporation of tracer in tissue protein is used to assess tissue specific protein synthesis.
Consult with Director
V3010
Tissue specific glucose uptake
Tissue specific glucose uptake is assessed by measuring the tissue specific uptake of [2- 3H]-deoxyglucose([2-3H]DG). [2-3H]DG is infused (0.2 µCi/min) for 40 minutes or injected (12 µCi) . Arterial plasma samples are taken to determine the time course of [2-3H]DG during the 40 min period. [2-3H]DG is transported into cells and phosphorylated to yield [2-3H]DG-6-phosphate which is trapped in muscle. After 40 min mice are anesthetized with an intravenous infusion of pentobarbital and tissues of interest are rapidly removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. This method has been applied during insulin- and exercise-stimulated conditions (Halseth et al. Am. J. Physiol. 1999).
Consult with Director
V3012
Indirect calorimetry / energy expenditure in the Promethion
Whole body VO2 and VCO2 is measured continuously in conscious mice using a Promethion system (Sable Systems Int). The system is sensitive enough to measure small changes in VO2, VCO2 and RQ. They can be used to measure resting or exercising (running wheels or treadmill) gas exchange and energy expenditure. The Promethion is very advanced, allowing for measurement and control of food or water intake. In the Promethion the animals are housed in regular home cages with normal bedding. Activity is measured using beam breaks and converted to pedestrian locomotion. Food and water intake are very accurately quantified. The system integrates all of these data to monitor behaviors and patterns. Body weight and composition is included and measured before and after the metabolic cages.
All mice remain in the Promethion cages for 5 days with continuous data collection, allowing for acclimation while also providing extensive data. Full data is reported to the investigator in excel format.
$96.80
V3014
Spontaneous exercise activity
Spontaneous exercise activity is measured using a recording wheel placed in the cage during a 48 h period. The light dark cycle will be stringently controlled to minimize diurnal variations and training effects will be minimized by placing an identical wheel in the cage for the 24 hrs preceding the test measurement. Variables recorded include total distance traveled, peak speed and exercise duration.
Consult with Director - included with V3012
V3015
Food Consumption
Food consumption is assessed using an automated feeding apparatus that continually measure feeding behavior in an unobtrusive manner by allowing animals free access to food cups that are mounted on balances. The apparatus currently is capable of measuring and time-stamping individual weights from 16 balances simultaneously every 30 seconds and downloading the data directly to a computer for subsequent analysis. Therefore, cumulative food consumed and the time at which feeding bouts occur are continuously monitored. All feeding studies are done after the animal has acclimatized to the facility for at least 24 hours.
$4.20/day- included with V3012
V3016
Exploratory locomotor activity
Exploratory locomotor activity
Consult with Director- included with V3012
V3032
Telemetry (in vivo chronic arterial blood pressure measurement)
Because of difficulties in making physiological measurements in anesthetized mice, a commercially-available system for recording mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure are used. The primary probe is the PA-C10 which is completely implantable, reducing animal stress, and ensuring the most reliable data. Probes to measure ECG and blood glucose are also available.upon request. This service includes probe implantation, probe removal, data acquisition, and a partial probe refurbishment fee.
$593 per mouse for two week experiment.
V3033
Blood pressure measurements
Blood pressure (BP) represents an integrated measure of overall cardiovascular function, and is affected by stroke volume, heart rate, inotropic state, and vascular tone. Abnormalities of BP regulation (primarily hypertension, but also hypotension) are associated with major cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and are epidemiologically associated with diabetes and obesity.
Three complementary technologies are available for the measurement of BP: 1) non-invasive tail-cuff plethysmography, 2) direct arterial measurement by intracarotid catheterization, and 3) telemetry via implanted catheter.
(1) Tail-cuff Plethysmography. Plethysmography (tail-cuff) is performed using a tail-cuff BP apparatus (BP-2000, Visitech Systems, Inc.). This technology is non-invasive and there is good concordance with the direct BP measurements described below.
(2) Carotid Catheterization. Direct arterial measurements are obtained via a chronically placed catheter in the carotid artery. The catheter is connected to a TXD-310 transducer and BP measured using a Digi-Med BPA 400 (Micromed). Experiments using this approach are typically coordinated with metabolic measurements.
A dual catheter approach (arterial and venous) allows for BP measurements in response to specific pharmacological infusions in the awake or anesthetized state; and enables evaluation of both peripheral and central mechanisms of BP regulation.
(3) Telemetry. Telemetered direct BP measurement is performed using an implanted micro-miniature device (PA-C10, DSI) implanted subcutaneously with the catheter typically placed in the right carotid artery. The mouse is housed individually in a cage placed over the receiver platform and BP data digitally recorded via the DATAquest A.R.T. system (DSI). Advantages of this approach include the ability to continuously record BP over a period of weeks, to assess the diurnal range in BP, and stress artifact induced by animal handling is avoided.
Tail-cuff Plethysmography-$8.40; Carotid Catheterization-$81.60; Carotid and jugular vein catheterization-$129.60; Telemetry-$593
V4007
Surgical Training
Surgical training for a variety of surgery techniques (catheterization, telemetry, bariatric surgery, implants)
$58.30 (external)
V4024
Bariatric Surgery (Roux-en-Y, VSG, biliopancreatic diversion, sham controls)
Bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, vertical sleeve gastrectomy, biopancreatic diversion, and appropriate sham controls) . The modified gastric bypass in the mouse: In this procedure the stomach is bypassed and the food flows through the bypass arm directly into the jejunum.
The biliopancreatic diversion procedure in the mouse: This procedure is historically thought to be a malabsorptive procedure and has several variations in the human. In brief, the biliary and pancreatic secretions are physically separated from gastrointestinal chyme flow until a point near the terminal small bowel. In theory this leads to significant malabsorption, though when this procedure is done clinically many times a gastric restriction component is also added.
RYGB $155; VSG $46.20; Biliary Diversion $47.30; Shams $46.20
V4026
Body Composition Analysis by NMR
Body composition analysis by NMR analysis (Bruker Minispec). This measurement does not require anesthesia of the mouse. Body composition will provide lean mass, fat mass, total body weight, adiposity (%) and % lean mass for each mouse.
External: $18.70/mouse. Internal (VU/VUMC): $8.00/mouse (self-use) or $17.00 (w/assistance)
Y4001
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp experiments
The surgery is performed at 4-5 days prior to the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to establish a chronic catheter for intravenous infusion of substances (e.g., glucose, insulin) during the clamp. For this, a mouse is anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine, and a catheter is inserted in the right jugular vein. On the day of clamp experiment, an overnight-fasted mouse is placed in an over-sized restrainer (i.e., rat-sized) for the experiment to be conducted in awake and minimally-stressed state. The tail is tethered using a tape for 2 hours prior to the start of experiment for acclimatization. A 3-way connector is attached to the jugular vein catheter for intravenous infusion, and the blood samples are obtained from the tail vessels requiring a small tail cut. A 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp is conducted with a primed-continuous infusion of human insulin at a rate of 15 pmol/kg/min to raise plasma insulin within a physiological range (~300 pM). Blood samples (20 ml) are collected at 10-20 min intervals for the immediate measurement of plasma glucose concentration, and 20% glucose is infused at variable rates to maintain glucose at basal concentrations (~6 mM). Insulin-stimulated whole body glucose metabolism is assessed with a continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose (0.1 mCi/min) throughout the clamps. Basal rates of whole body glucose turnover are assessed using a primed-continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose for 2 hours prior to the start of clamp. All infusions are performed using the microdialysis pumps, and all procedures are approved by Yale University Animal Care and Use Committee. To estimate insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in individual tissues, 2-deoxy-D-[1-14C]glucose (2-[14C]DG) is administered as a bolus (10 mCi) at 75 min after the start of clamp. Blood samples (20 ml) are taken at -5, 80, 85, 90, 100, 110, and 120 min of clamp for the measurement of plasma [3H]glucose, 3H2O, and/or 2-[14C]DG concentrations. Additional blood samples (20 ml) are collected before and at the end of clamp for the measurement of plasma insulin concentrations. At the end of clamp, mouse is anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital injection, and tissues are taken and stored for biochemical/molecular analysis. The clamp experiment measures tissue-specific insulin action and glucose metabolism and includes the following measurements: 1) basal and insulin-stimulated hepatic glucose production, 2) insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glycogen plus lipid synthesis, and 3)insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glycogen synthesis in individual tissues (e.g., skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, heart). Additionally, biochemical/molecular assays may be performed to assess tissue-specific insulin signaling activities (e.g., insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS, PI 3-kinase activity) and tissue-specific triglyceride contents. Further details of the clamp experiment can be found in the following references: Diabetes 53:1060 (2004), J. Clin. Invest. 114:823 (2004).
$380 Academic - $600 Industry
Y4002
Hyperglycemic clamp experiments
The procedure involves chronic cannulation of the jugular vein which is necessary for The surgery is performed at 4-5 days prior to the hyperglycemic clamp to establish a chronic catheter for intravenous infusion of substances (e.g., glucose, insulin) during the clamp. For this, a mouse is anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine, and a catheter is inserted in the right jugular vein. On the day of clamp experiment, an overnight-fasted mouse is placed in an over-sized restrainer (i.e., rat-sized) for the experiment to be conducted in awake and minimally-stressed state. The tail is tethered using a tape for 2 hours prior to the start of experiment for acclimatization. A 3-way connector is attached to the jugular vein catheter for intravenous infusion, and the blood samples are obtained from the tail vessels requiring a small tail cut. A 2-hour hyperglycemic clamp is conducted with a variable infusion of 20% glucose to raise and maintain plasma glucose concentrations at ~16 mM. Blood samples (20 ml) are collected at 10-20 min intervals for the immediate measurement of plasma glucose concentrations using Beckman Glucose Analyzer. The area under curve of plasma glucose and insulin profiles is assessed to determine glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo (i.e., pancreatic ß-cell function).
$380 Academic - $ 600 Industry
Y4003
Glucose Tolerance Test
Mice are fasted overnight prior to collection of a basal sample of plasma for determination of glucose and insulin levels. Mice are then given a 1 g/kg body weight injection of glucose and plasma taken at set time points for 120 min to determine plasma glucose and insulin levels.
Please inquire
Y4004
Custom Turnover Study
We are able to perform infusions to measure the turnover of a variety of substrates in vivo. Please inquire about tests we have performed or to design a custom experiment.
Please inquire
Y4005
Metabolic cage analysis (CLAMS)
Mice are housed in the Columbus Labs Animal Monitoring System (CLAMS) to determine energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry, physical activity, feeding behavior and drinking behavior. Respiratory exchange ratio and body composition by proton NMR are also included in the analysis.
Please inquire
Y4050
Amino Acids
BCAA and phenylalanine, gluconeogenic amino acids, and glutamate and GABA concentration, and 13C or 2H isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the trifluoro-acetamide n-butyl ester derivatives) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma, or 50 mg tissue.
$15/sample (Academic) - $75/sample (Industry)
Y4051
Beta-hydroxybutyrate
Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration, and 13C or 2H isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the TMS derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.
$15/sample (Academic) - $75/sample (Industry)
Y4052
Free fatty acid
Total serum non-esterified fatty acid concentrations are measured using an acyl-CoA oxidase-based colorimetric kit (Wako NEFA-C, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan). For measurements of free fatty acid profiles, and isotopic enrichments, 13C, or 2H, the lipids are extracted from plasma with heptane/isopropanol. This solvent is evaporated and the free fatty acids are methylated using diazomethane), and analyzed by GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.
$15/sample (Academic) - $75/sample (Industry)
Y4053
Glucose
Plasma glucose concentrations are measured by the glucose oxidase method (Glucose Analyzer II; Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, CA). 13C, or 2H, isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the penta-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.
$5/sample (Academic) - $25/sample (Industry)
Y4054
Glycerol
Plasma glycerol concentrations, 13C, or 2H, isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the tri-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.
$5/sample (Academic) - $25/sample (Industry)
Y4055
Glycogen
Liver, and muscle glycogen is extracted with 0.9 N perchloric acid and 99% ethanol to precipitate glycogen. The glycogen from the pellet is dialysed, and digested to free glucose with amyloglucosidase. Concentrations are determined as described above for glucose. These measurements can be made in 10 mg tissue. Specific carbon labeling is determined by 13C-NMR (Avance 500, Bruker, Inc. Billerica, MA). Total 13C, or 2H, isotopic enrichments are determined (as the penta-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 100 mg tissue.
$15/sample (Academic) - $75/sample (Industry)
Y4057
Long-chain fatty acyl CoA esters
Frozen tissue (~100mg), liver or muscle, is ground under liquid nitrogen and homogenized in 100mM KH2PO4, pH 4.9 and 2-propanol. Heptadecanoyl CoA was added as internal standard. Saturated (NH4)2SO4 and acetonitrile are added for phase separation solid phase extraction using Oligonucleotide Purification Cartridges (Applied Biosystems, Singapore). The cartridges are washed with distilled water, and then long-chain fatty acyl CoA esters (LCACoAs) are eluted slowly with 0.5ml of 60% acetonitrile. The eluent is dried, then reconstituted in 100µl of methanol/H2O for ESI/MS/MS analysis. Analysis is performed on a bench top tandem mass spectrometer API3000 (Perkin-Elmer Sciex) interfaced with a TurboIonspray ionization source in flow injection mode.Using negative electrospray ionization mode, LCACoAs are ionized predominantly to doubly charged form and yields abundant specific product ions from CID (collision induced dissociation). LCACoAs are quantified by monitoring [M-2H]2-/ [M-H-80]-.
$35/sample (Academic) - $70/sample (Industry)
Y4059
ADP, ATP
Tissues (50 to 100 mg) are extracted with 0.9N ice-cold perchloric acid. The concentrations of nucleotides, ATP, ADP, and AMP, in the supernatent are then determined by HPLC using a Supelcosil SAX1 (25cm x 4.6 mm x 0.5 _m) column using a gradient of 5 mM ammonium phosphate, pH2.8 (buffer A) and 750 mM ammonium phosphate, pH 3.9 (buffer B) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. A linear gradient is developed over 14 minutes at 0% buffer B to 9% buffer B, then from 14 to 32 minutes from 9% buffer B to 100% buffer B. A Rainin HPXL solvent delivery system (2 pumps) with a Rainin Dynamax UV-1 absorbance detector (254 nm) controlled by Rainin Dynamax HPLC Method Manager is used for solvent programming and data collection. Peak identification was assigned by comparison of retention times to known external standards (AMP: ~ 5.5 min, ADP: ~ 25.7 min, ATP: ~ 29.0 min). Nucleotide concentrations were calculated from the concentration standard curves of absorbance for the external standards
$15/sample (Academic) - $75/sample (Industry)
Y4060
Diacylgycerol concentration
Diacylglycerols (DAGs) are extracted from 100mg frozen tissue with chloroform/methanol (2:1, vol/vol) containing 0.01% BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene). ). Prior to the extraction, known amount of 1,3-dipentadecanoin and triheptadecanoin are added as internal standard. Extracted samples were evaporate to dryness and redissolved in 1ml of hexane:ethyl acetate (85:15, vol/vol). DAGs were isolated from triglycerides (TGs) by use of a diol bondedphase SPE column (Waters, Inc., Milford, MA) under vacuum. The SPE column was preconditioned with 4 ml hexane, the lipid extract was placed on the column and TGs eluted with 8 ml of hexane-methylene chloride-ethyl ether (89:10:1, vol/vol/vol). DAGs were eluted with 8 ml of hexane-ethyl acetate (85:15, vol/vol) into a second set of collection tubes. The solvent were evaporated to dryness under vacuum and redissolved in 0.5 ml of hexane:ethyl acetate (85:15, vol/vol) for LC/MS/MS analysis. Separation of TGs from DAGs was assessed by monitoring for the presence of triheptadecanoin in the DAG fraction. Analysis is performed on a bench top tandem mass spectrometer API3000 (Perkin- Elmer Sciex) interfaced with an APCI (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization) source in flow injection mode. DAG species are readily ionized in APCI mode, and are quantified by monitoring _M+H-18_+/product ions from corresponding fatty acid moiety.
Y4061
Lysophosphatidic Acid
Y4073
Divalent Ions
A complete panel consists of three analytical tests. The cost for a complete panel is 3 times the price indicated for each analysis. A subset of the complete panel can be chosen.
A serum metabolic panel is obtained using the COBAS MIRA system (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN).
The serum divalent ions measured are as follows:
1) Calcium
2) Inorganic Phosphorus
3) Magnesium
Plasma $6.00 or Urine $7.20 each analysis (Academic) - $18.77 each analysis (Industry) - $7 per test batch for calibrators and controls
Y4080
Insulin
Plasma immunoreactive insulin is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit and rat insulin standards (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO).
Avail. upon Request (Academic) - $30.00 per sample (Industry)
Y4081
Glucagon
Plasma immunoreactive glucagon is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO).
Avail. upon Request (Academic) - $30.00 per sample (Industry)
Y4082
Leptin
Plasma immunoreactive leptin is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO)
Avail. upon Request (Academic) - $30.00 per sample (Industry)
Y4083
Blood Glucose
Measures serum or plasma glucose levels by the Hexokinase (HK) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P-DH) reactions. The test is performed on a Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.
Plasma $6.00 or Urine $7.20 per sample (Academic) - $18.77 per sample (Industry) - $7 per test batch for calibrators and controls
Y4084
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Determination of "blood" urea nitrogen (BUN) is used as a test for renal function, usually in conjunction with other tests such as creatinine. The test is performed on serum or plasma using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.
Plasma $6.00 or Urine $7.20 each analysis (Academic) - $18.77 each analysis (Industry) - $7 per test batch for calibrators and controls
Y4085
Blood Creatinine-HPLC
The quantitation of creatinine in serum or plasma can be useful in determining renal function, particularly in combination with the BUN assay. Creatinine is quantified by HPLC/MS/MS.
$6.00 per sample (Academic) - $18.77 per sample (Industry) - $7 per test batch for calibrators and controls
Y4086
Urine Creatinine-HPLC
The quantitation of creatinine in urine can be useful in determining
renal function, particularly in combination with the BUN assay. Creatinine is
quantified by HPLC/MS/MS.
$7.20 per sample (Academic) - $18.77 per sample (Industry) - $7 per test batch for calibrators and controls
@NationalMMPC
