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Publication
Morning Hyperinsulinemia Primes the Liver for Glucose Uptake and Glycogen
Storage Later in the Day.
Authors Moore MC, Smith MS, Farmer B, Coate KC, Kraft G, Shiota M, Williams PE,
Cherrington AD
Submitted By Submitted Externally on 7/31/2018
Status Published
Journal Diabetes
Year 2018
Date Published 7/1/2018
Volume : Pages 67 : 1237 - 1245
PubMed Reference 29666062
Abstract We observed that a 4-h morning (AM) duodenal infusion of glucose versus saline
doubled hepatic glucose uptake (HGU) and storage during a
hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic (HIHG) clamp that afternoon (PM). To separate the
effects of AM hyperglycemia versus AM hyperinsulinemia on the PM response, we
used hepatic balance and tracer ([3-3H]glucose) techniques in conscious dogs.
From 0 to 240 min, dogs underwent a euinsulinemic-hyperglycemic (GLC; n = 7) or
hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic (INS; n = 8) clamp. Tracer equilibration and basal
sampling occurred from 240 to 360 min, followed by an HIHG clamp (360-600 min;
four times basal insulin, two times basal glycemia) with portal glucose infusion
(4 mg · kg-1 · min-1). In the HIHG clamp, HGU (5.8 ± 0.9 vs. 3.3 ± 0.3 mg · kg-1
· min-1) and net glycogen storage (6.0 ± 0.8 vs. 2.9 ± 0.5 mg · kg-1 · min-1)
were approximately twofold greater in INS than in GLC. PM hepatic glycogen
content (1.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.3 ± 0.2 g/kg body weight) and glycogen synthase (GS)
activity were also greater in INS versus GLC, whereas glycogen phosphorylase
(GP) activity was reduced. Thus AM hyperinsulinemia, but not AM hyperglycemia,
enhanced the HGU response to a PM HIHG clamp by augmenting GS and reducing GP
activity. AM hyperinsulinemia can prime the liver to extract and store glucose
more effectively during subsequent same-day meals, potentially providing a tool
to improve glucose control.




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